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Troops from Elbing City and Commandery attack a Lithuanian horseman
Füßkämpfer der Stadt und Komturei Elbing greifen einen litauischen Reiter an 30mm flat (TAV19) by Frank Dittmar (ZF Schmalkalden) |
Teutonic knight attacks
a Tartar horseman Ordensritter greift einen tartarischen Reiter an 30mm flat (TAV27) by Frank Dittmar (ZF Schmalkalden) |
The Battle of Grunwald, in German "Tannenberg", took place in present day Poland in July 1410. The Teutonic Order and its allies fought and were defeated by the combined forces of Poland-Lithuania and its allied Russian and Tartar forces. It was numerically the largest battle to have taken place in the Middle Ages up to that point.
According to "Tannenberg 141 - Die Belagerung der Marienburg 1410" by Gerald Igelt and Rolf Fuhrmann,
"The information about the strength of the forces varies considerably. The lowest numbers speak of 11,000 for the Teutonic Order’s side and 17,000 for the Allies, with differing interpretations following, e.g., one source even speaks of 83,000 opposing 163,000. In detail, 50,000 Prussian troops and 33,000 mercenaries from Germany and a total of 26,000 horsemen fought for the Order.
On the opposing side the strength was 60,000 Polish and 44,000 Lithuanian troops, 40,000 Tartars and 21,000 Bohemian mercenaries, and of them 66,000 were horsemen. These unrealistic numbers are still taken today without criticism by Kurowski[1]. The numeric ratios given during the Middle Ages do not represent realistic facts but were a stylistic device used to impress the significance and danger. How could have it been possible under medieval conditions to logistically supply and lead a quarter of a million men and tens of thousands of horses? With all the contradictory numbers about the relative troop strengths, the fact still remains that the Poles and Lithuanians were numerically stronger than the Order by about one third."
[1] Kurowski, Franz, Der Deutsche Orden, Hamburg, Nikol Verlag, 2000.
According to "Tannenberg 141 - Die Belagerung der Marienburg 1410" by Gerald Igelt and Rolf Fuhrmann,
"The information about the strength of the forces varies considerably. The lowest numbers speak of 11,000 for the Teutonic Order’s side and 17,000 for the Allies, with differing interpretations following, e.g., one source even speaks of 83,000 opposing 163,000. In detail, 50,000 Prussian troops and 33,000 mercenaries from Germany and a total of 26,000 horsemen fought for the Order.
On the opposing side the strength was 60,000 Polish and 44,000 Lithuanian troops, 40,000 Tartars and 21,000 Bohemian mercenaries, and of them 66,000 were horsemen. These unrealistic numbers are still taken today without criticism by Kurowski[1]. The numeric ratios given during the Middle Ages do not represent realistic facts but were a stylistic device used to impress the significance and danger. How could have it been possible under medieval conditions to logistically supply and lead a quarter of a million men and tens of thousands of horses? With all the contradictory numbers about the relative troop strengths, the fact still remains that the Poles and Lithuanians were numerically stronger than the Order by about one third."
[1] Kurowski, Franz, Der Deutsche Orden, Hamburg, Nikol Verlag, 2000.
Tableaus of Teutonic Order, its allies and its Polish -Lithuanian and Russian opponents at the Battle of Tannenberg/Grunwald
30mm flats by Wolfgang Friedrich and Frank Dittmar above; by Hans Müller of Erfurt below
display at NCMSS 2019 Annual Show which won the Award for Outstanding Artistic Merit
Tafeln des Deutschordens, seiner Verbündeten und der polnisch-litauischen und russischen Gegner bei der Schlacht von Tannenberg
30mm Figuren von Wolfgang Friedrich und Frank Dittmar oben; von Hans Müller of Erfurt unten
Ausstellung beim NCMSS 2019 Jahresschau, die mit der Auszeichnung "Award for Outstanding Artistic Merit" geehrte wurde.
30mm flats by Wolfgang Friedrich and Frank Dittmar above; by Hans Müller of Erfurt below
display at NCMSS 2019 Annual Show which won the Award for Outstanding Artistic Merit
Tafeln des Deutschordens, seiner Verbündeten und der polnisch-litauischen und russischen Gegner bei der Schlacht von Tannenberg
30mm Figuren von Wolfgang Friedrich und Frank Dittmar oben; von Hans Müller of Erfurt unten
Ausstellung beim NCMSS 2019 Jahresschau, die mit der Auszeichnung "Award for Outstanding Artistic Merit" geehrte wurde.
Teutonic Order and its Allies
Deutscher Orden und seine Verbündeten
Deutscher Orden und seine Verbündeten
Teutonic Knights: Grand Master's banner and Banner of the Brandenburg Commandery
Ordensritter: Banner des Hochmeisters und des Komturei Brandenburg
30mm flats edited by Schmalkalder Zinnfiguren, engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich
Ordensritter: Banner des Hochmeisters und des Komturei Brandenburg
30mm flats edited by Schmalkalder Zinnfiguren, engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich
Teutonic Knights and Poles from "The Death of the Grand Master" (TAM) Series
Ordensritter und Polen aus der "Tot des Hochmeisters" (TAM) Serie
30mm flats edited by Schmalkalder Zinnfiguren, engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich
Ordensritter und Polen aus der "Tot des Hochmeisters" (TAM) Serie
30mm flats edited by Schmalkalder Zinnfiguren, engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich
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Teutonic Knights and "Sarjant" Brother (in grey)
Ordensritter und Sarjantbruder (Graumäntler) 30mm flats by Horst Tylinski |
Teutonic Knight with the pennon of the Senior Hospital (Oberster Spittler)
30mm flat by Hans Müller Erfurt, MR 132 |
Banner of Brandenburg
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich |
German "guest" knight
Deutscher Gastritter 30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich |
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Troops from Elbing City and Commandery - Fußkämpfer der Stadt und Komturei Elbing
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Teutonic Knights, Grand Master's banner and Grand Master
Ordensritter, Banner des Hochmeisters und der Hochmeister
30mm flats drawn and engraved by Ludwig Frank for production by
Hans Müller of Erfurt
Painted by Gernot Schlager, Leonding, Austria
Ordensritter, Banner des Hochmeisters und der Hochmeister
30mm flats drawn and engraved by Ludwig Frank for production by
Hans Müller of Erfurt
Painted by Gernot Schlager, Leonding, Austria
Teutonic Knights and Engelberg banner
Ordensritter und Engelberg Banner
30mm flats drawn and engraved by Ludwig Frank for production by
Hans Müller of Erfurt
Painted by Jan Sennebo, Helsingborg, Sweden
Ordensritter und Engelberg Banner
30mm flats drawn and engraved by Ludwig Frank for production by
Hans Müller of Erfurt
Painted by Jan Sennebo, Helsingborg, Sweden
Banners of the Teutonic Orders' Army and its Allies
Banner des Deutschen Ordens und seiner Verbündeten
Most of these units were from towns that are now in Poland, the Baltic States or Russian Kaliningrad Oblast, e.g., Thorn is now Torun, Poland; Koenigsberg is now Kaliningrad, Russia, and Bartenstein is Bartoszyce, Poland.
Most of these 30mm flats by were produced by Werner Kästner (now with Schmalkalder Zinnfiguren), many charging with the oversized banners were by Goldberg International (now with Wilfried Dangelmaier)
Banner des Deutschen Ordens und seiner Verbündeten
Most of these units were from towns that are now in Poland, the Baltic States or Russian Kaliningrad Oblast, e.g., Thorn is now Torun, Poland; Koenigsberg is now Kaliningrad, Russia, and Bartenstein is Bartoszyce, Poland.
Most of these 30mm flats by were produced by Werner Kästner (now with Schmalkalder Zinnfiguren), many charging with the oversized banners were by Goldberg International (now with Wilfried Dangelmaier)
1st row: Grandmaster's "great" banner; Grandmaster's vanguard flag; Grand Commander, Bishopric of Sambia, Bishop of Warmia.
2nd row: so-called Bishopric & Bishop of Sambia; Senior Draper; Knights of Meissen; so-called "Knights of the Rhine and Germany; so-called "Swiss Knights" (likelier 2nd Balga Commander banner).
2nd row: so-called Bishopric & Bishop of Sambia; Senior Draper; Knights of Meissen; so-called "Knights of the Rhine and Germany; so-called "Swiss Knights" (likelier 2nd Balga Commander banner).
1st row: Dike of Stolpe or Stettin; so-called Westphalian Knights (archers' banner); Althaus Commander; Commander and town of Balga; Town of Bartenstein.
2nd row: Town of Brandenburg; Bratien Stewardship; Town of Braunsberg; Danzig Commanery; Stewardship and Town of Dirschau
2nd row: Town of Brandenburg; Bratien Stewardship; Town of Braunsberg; Danzig Commanery; Stewardship and Town of Dirschau
1st row: Vice Commander's Banner for the Elbing Town and Commandery; Burghers of Elbing; Commander and Town of Graudenz; Heiligenbeil Town; Koenigsberg City; Koenigsberg Old Town.
2nd row: Stewardship of Lessen or Lemke; Altenstein Town, so-called "Mewl Commander (an archers' banner); Dessau Commander; Osterode Town and Commander.
2nd row: Stewardship of Lessen or Lemke; Altenstein Town, so-called "Mewl Commander (an archers' banner); Dessau Commander; Osterode Town and Commander.
1st row: Rangst Town and Commander; Roggenhausen Stewardship and Town; Rieden Commander and Town; Schoensee Commander and Town; Thorn (Torun) Town (two examples).
2nd row: Tuchel Commandery and Town; Teutonic Order in Livonia (banner captured by Poles in 1431); Fellin Commandery in Livonia (banner captured by Poles in 1431).
2nd row: Tuchel Commandery and Town; Teutonic Order in Livonia (banner captured by Poles in 1431); Fellin Commandery in Livonia (banner captured by Poles in 1431).
ARTICLE
TEUTONIC ORDER BANNERS CAPTURED BY POLES AT THE
1410 BATTLE OF TANNENBERG
from the Banderia Prutenorum
To be cut out and glued onto 30 mm figures
TEUTONIC ORDER BANNERS CAPTURED BY POLES AT THE
1410 BATTLE OF TANNENBERG
from the Banderia Prutenorum
To be cut out and glued onto 30 mm figures
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German knight with two-handed sword - deutscher Ritter mit Zweihänder
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich (figure F1h)
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich (figure F1h)
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Standard-bearer of the Bishopric of Warmia
Bannerträger des Bistums Ermland 30mm flat by Hans Müller (Erfurt), MR129 w/ attached "h" flag |
Teutonic Knight with banner - Deutschorden Ritter mit Banner
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich |
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German handgunner and assistant
30mm flats by Wolfgang Friedrich
30mm flats by Wolfgang Friedrich
Teutonic knight pursue Lithuanian and Tartar horsemen
Ordensritter verfolgen tartaren und litauischen Reiter
30mm flat (TAV series) by Frank Dittmar (ZF Schmalkalden)
Ordensritter verfolgen tartaren und litauischen Reiter
30mm flat (TAV series) by Frank Dittmar (ZF Schmalkalden)
Polish-Lithuanian Army and its Allies
Polnisch-Litauische Heer und seine Verbündeten
Polnisch-Litauische Heer und seine Verbündeten
Polish knight with Poland's Imperial Banner
Polnischer Ritter mit dem Reichsbanner Polens
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Polnischer Ritter mit dem Reichsbanner Polens
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Polish and Lithuanian Knights Polnische und lituaishce Ritter
30mm flat by Frank Dittmar, some engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich
30mm flat by Frank Dittmar, some engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich
The following 30mm flats represent many of the 51 "Banners" (divisions) of the
Polish-Lithuanian Army and its allies at the 1410 battle.
Most of the figures were produced by Hans Jörg Stoll of Überlingen, Germany, in his "RTP" (Ritter Tannenberg Polen) (Knights, Tannenberg, Poland) series.
Polish-Lithuanian Army and its allies at the 1410 battle.
Most of the figures were produced by Hans Jörg Stoll of Überlingen, Germany, in his "RTP" (Ritter Tannenberg Polen) (Knights, Tannenberg, Poland) series.
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Polish banner of City of Kalisz carried by knight with axe blazon of Oksa (left) and the banner of the "Great" Banner of Krakow (right)
30mm flats: on left edited by Schmalkalder Zinnfiguren, engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich, figure TAM 24 from the "Death of the Grand Master" series; on right from former Golberg International company.
Polnisches Banner von der Stadt Kalisz von einem Ritter mit Axt Wappen von Oska getragen (links) und "Große" Banner von Krakau.
Links: 30mm Zinnfigur TAM 24 von Offizin Schmalkalder Zinnfiguren, von Wolfgang Friedrich graviert, aus der Serie "TAM" Tot des Hochmeisters; rechts: von ehemaliger Golberg International Firma.
30mm flats: on left edited by Schmalkalder Zinnfiguren, engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich, figure TAM 24 from the "Death of the Grand Master" series; on right from former Golberg International company.
Polnisches Banner von der Stadt Kalisz von einem Ritter mit Axt Wappen von Oska getragen (links) und "Große" Banner von Krakau.
Links: 30mm Zinnfigur TAM 24 von Offizin Schmalkalder Zinnfiguren, von Wolfgang Friedrich graviert, aus der Serie "TAM" Tot des Hochmeisters; rechts: von ehemaliger Golberg International Firma.
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The Great Banner of Krakow (l) and the banner of the Lvov District (r)
30mm flats by the former Golberg International firm
Painted by Bernt Grimm, Grimsbärke, Sweden
30mm flats by the former Golberg International firm
Painted by Bernt Grimm, Grimsbärke, Sweden
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The banner of the Kalisz District (l) and of Duke Zygmunt son of Korybut (r)
30mm flats by the former Golberg International firm (l) and W. Wohlmann (r)
Painted by Bernt Grimm, Grimsbärke, Sweden
30mm flats by the former Golberg International firm (l) and W. Wohlmann (r)
Painted by Bernt Grimm, Grimsbärke, Sweden
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The banner of the Chelm District
30mm flat by the former Golberg International firm
30mm flat by the former Golberg International firm
Polish King Jagiello and man-at-arms
Polnischer König Jagiello und Knecht
30mm flat by Alexander Wilken
Polnischer König Jagiello und Knecht
30mm flat by Alexander Wilken
Polish knight from clan of Sulima
Polnischer Ritter des Sulima Stammes
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Polnischer Ritter des Sulima Stammes
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Polish knight from clan of Oksza
Polnischer Ritter des Oksza Stammes
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Polnischer Ritter des Oksza Stammes
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Masovian knight - Masovischer Ritter
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Polish knights - Polnische Ritter
Left to right/v.l.n.r.: Grzymala; Castellan of Nasielsk Sedziwój Swidwa; Rawicz;
Lower row: unidentified; Poznan; Piast
30mm flats by W. Wohlmann (†)
Left to right/v.l.n.r.: Grzymala; Castellan of Nasielsk Sedziwój Swidwa; Rawicz;
Lower row: unidentified; Poznan; Piast
30mm flats by W. Wohlmann (†)
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Lithuanian knight
Litauischer Ritter
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Litauischer Ritter
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
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Banners of Braclaw District
30mm flat by Hans Stoll (Ueberlingen) RTP 25c |
Lithuanian banner with Towers of Gediminas (l) & Polish St. George Banner (r)
Litauisches Turmen von Gedymin Banner (l) & polnisches Georgsbanner (r) 30mm flats by former Golberg International firm (Go2892 Go2893) |
Lithuanian banner with Towers of Gediminas (l), royal court banner (center) &
Smolensk (r)
Litauisches Turmen von Gedymin Banner (l), königliches Hofbanner (Mitte) &
Smolensk (r)
30mm flats by former Golberg International firm (Go2892) and W. Wohlmann (Rus25 combination figure)
Smolensk (r)
Litauisches Turmen von Gedymin Banner (l), königliches Hofbanner (Mitte) &
Smolensk (r)
30mm flats by former Golberg International firm (Go2892) and W. Wohlmann (Rus25 combination figure)
Poles, Lithuanians and Russians at Tannenberg
Polen, Litauer und Russen bei Tannenberg
30mm flats by edited by Frank Dittmar (Zinnfiguren aus Schmalkalden), engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich
(TAP1 -TAP5, TAR1, TAR2)
Polen, Litauer und Russen bei Tannenberg
30mm flats by edited by Frank Dittmar (Zinnfiguren aus Schmalkalden), engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich
(TAP1 -TAP5, TAR1, TAR2)
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Russian boyar at Tannenberg - Russischer Bojar bei Tannenberg
30mm flat edited and engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich
30mm flat edited and engraved by Wolfgang Friedrich
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Russian archer (MR118) and Horseman (MR175) boyar at Tannenberg
Russischer Bogenschütze MR118) und Reiter (MR175) bei Tannenberg
Painted by / Bemalung: Henry Schmidt (Berlin)
30mm flat edited Hans Müller (Erfurt) and engraved by Ludwig Frank
Russischer Bogenschütze MR118) und Reiter (MR175) bei Tannenberg
Painted by / Bemalung: Henry Schmidt (Berlin)
30mm flat edited Hans Müller (Erfurt) and engraved by Ludwig Frank
Russians at Tannenberg - Russen bei Tannenberg
30mm flats by W. Wohlmann (†)
30mm flats by W. Wohlmann (†)
Banner of the Tartars
Banner der Tartaren
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Banner der Tartaren
30mm flat by Wolfgang Friedrich
Tableaus of Teutonic Order, its allies and its Polish -Lithuanian and Russian opponents at the Battle of Tannenberg/Grunwald
30mm flats by Wolfgang Friedrich and Frank Dittmar above; by Hans Müller of Erfurt below
display at NCMSS 2021 Annual Virtual Show which won a silver medal award in the Historical Painters category.
Tafeln des Deutschordens, seiner Verbündeten und der polnisch-litauischen und russischen Gegner bei der Schlacht von Tannenberg
30mm Figuren von Wolfgang Friedrich und Frank Dittmar oben; von Hans Müller of Erfurt unten
Ausstellung beim NCMSS 2021 virtuellen Jahresschau, die mit einer Silbermedallien in der "historischer Bemalung" Kategorie" geehrte wurde.
30mm flats by Wolfgang Friedrich and Frank Dittmar above; by Hans Müller of Erfurt below
display at NCMSS 2021 Annual Virtual Show which won a silver medal award in the Historical Painters category.
Tafeln des Deutschordens, seiner Verbündeten und der polnisch-litauischen und russischen Gegner bei der Schlacht von Tannenberg
30mm Figuren von Wolfgang Friedrich und Frank Dittmar oben; von Hans Müller of Erfurt unten
Ausstellung beim NCMSS 2021 virtuellen Jahresschau, die mit einer Silbermedallien in der "historischer Bemalung" Kategorie" geehrte wurde.
For more photos of figures for the Battle of Tannenberg, go to the approximate center of the Hans Müller (Erfurt) Figures page.
Für weitere Fotos von Figuren zur Schlacht von Tannenberg, zur Mitte der Seite "Hans Müller (Erfurt) Figures" gehen.
Für weitere Fotos von Figuren zur Schlacht von Tannenberg, zur Mitte der Seite "Hans Müller (Erfurt) Figures" gehen.